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Pillar 03 · Data exchange

Let data move, not people.

Data exchange is the pillar that lets public registries and services talk to each other securely, with consent, so a citizen does not have to carry certificates from one office to the next. Done well, it turns separate systems into one connected state.

X-Road

A proven open-source backbone.

X-Road connects public and private institutions through a standard, secure layer. It is the reference design we work from when data exchange has to serve identity checks and payments.

Federated data exchange with X-Road Architecture showing three member institutions, a social programme as consumer and a civil registry and tax registry as providers, each with its own information system and security server; data moves directly between security servers, signed, encrypted and logged at both ends, while optional central services only provide trust, certificates and the member directory, so there is no central database. PROVIDER CONSUMER PROVIDER TRUST ONLY X-ROAD X-ROAD Central services trust · certs · directory Security server sign · encrypt · log Security server sign · encrypt · log Security server sign · encrypt · log Civil registry information system Social programme information system Tax registry information system Federated: data moves member to member. There is no central database. LEGEND EXCHANGE · SIGNED, ENCRYPTED, LOGGED AT BOTH ENDS TRUST ONLY · NO DATA LOCAL CALL
Federated data exchange with X-Road Architecture showing three member institutions, a social programme as consumer and a civil registry and tax registry as providers, each with its own information system and security server; data moves directly between security servers, signed, encrypted and logged at both ends, while optional central services only provide trust, certificates and the member directory, so there is no central database. PROVIDER CONSUMER PROVIDER TRUST ONLY X-ROAD X-ROAD Central services trust · certs · directory Security server sign · encrypt · log Security server sign · encrypt · log Security server sign · encrypt · log Civil registry information system Social programme information system Tax registry information system Federated: data moves member to member. There is no central database. LEGEND EXCHANGE · SIGNED, ENCRYPTED, LOGGED AT BOTH ENDS TRUST ONLY · NO DATA LOCAL CALL

Secure exchange between institutions

X-Road is open-source data exchange software, developed by the Nordic Institute for Interoperability Solutions (NIIS) and at the heart of Estonia's digital state.

Federated, not centralised

Each institution keeps its own data and publishes services through a security server. Nobody builds a central database of everything.

Trust you can audit

Messages are signed, encrypted and logged at both ends, so every exchange can be proven after the fact.
What it enables

Services built on exchange.

The value of data exchange is measured in queues that disappear and payments that arrive.

Eligibility without paperwork

A social programme checks enrolment, income or residency directly with the source registry, with the person's consent.

Once-only principle

Citizens and businesses give information to the state once. Services ask each other, not the person.

Payments that know where to go

Beneficiary lists and account details flow securely from programme registries to the payment rail.

Consent and transparency

People can see which institution accessed their data and why. Trust is what gets a digital state used.
How we help

What we bring.

  1. 01

    Architecture and governance

    Which registries to connect first, who operates the central services, and the rules members sign up to.
  2. 02

    Integration with identity and payments

    Designing data flows so that identity verification, eligibility checks and payments work as one journey.
  3. 03

    Security by default

    Certificate management, access policies and logging designed to the standard of our own ISO 27001 practice.
The DPI stack

The other pillars.

Pillar 01

Payments

Inclusive instant payment systems: interoperable rails every bank, wallet and agent can reach.
Learn more →Pillar 02

Digital identity

Foundational ID that lets people prove who they are, and lets services onboard them remotely.
Learn more →

Connecting registries to services?

We can help you plan the architecture and the link to identity and payments.

Get in touch
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